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welcome to the skeptic zone the podcast

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hello and welcome to the skeptic zone

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episode number 361 Richard Saunders with

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you once again from Sydney Australia

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coming up on this week's show let's go

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to Pluto yeah always wanted to go to

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Pluto no I haven't well well why not

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have you seen the latest pictures all

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goodness me on Mars you want to go to

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Mars and look at the dust or the dirt

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Devils on Mars fairing that we can think

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about the Blood Moon all these topics

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will be coming up when i chat to dr.

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Pamela gay I've known Pamela now for

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many years it's always a particular

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delight to catch up with Pamela gay what

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an interesting scientist she is

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certainly a leader in her field and I

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really enjoyed chatting to Pamela and

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gay about all these Spacey type things

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so I hope you'll enjoy that interview

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coming up at the top of the show

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following that it's a week in science

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from the Royal Institution of Australia

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who i'm sure i've been known to stargaze

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from time to time w WR IA us ova you

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hello to all the good people there then

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we have a special report courtesy of

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russ bolts from the Brisbane skeptics

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society don't forget they are hosting

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the Australian skeptics annual

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convention just next month that's very

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exciting but Ross is going to tell us or

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he's going to read to us he's open

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letter to the sunshine coast daily after

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it published a very uncritical report

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dealing with the cancer so will read out

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that report with the help of Joe

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alabaster then you'll hear Russ Bulger's

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reply his open letter to the editor

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sunshine coast daily paper up there in

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Queensland then to round off the show

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it's Maynard's spooky action with some

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reports that he did a few weeks ago at

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National Science Week may not will

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interview more people doing scientific

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outreach to school students now great

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news for those people in Sydney

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especially I mean all around Australia

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as you'll hear soon but especially in

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Sydney I'd like to tell you about

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lunchtime skeptics in the pub with Susan

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Kovac now this is Sunday the 11th of

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over from 1pm till 6pm it's a whole

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afternoon of skepticism nomming and well

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if you have to you might have a drink

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you know I won't force you to now first

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people in the sydney head to meetup com

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search Australian skeptics and that's

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where you'll find the list of events

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that Australian skeptics have yes this

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is all part of susan goreck australian

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tour on the thirtieth of sep tember not

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far away she's going to be speaking for

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the more d alex skeptics down there in

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victoria on the first of october it will

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be for the Victorian skeptics indeed

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October the third and fourth launceston

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and Tasmania doing a workshop on the 6th

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of October should be in Canberra at the

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Australian National University here in

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Sydney on october eleventh at Stratton's

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hotel then she's heading up for Brisbane

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for the National Convention and then

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Hong Kong goodness me she's going to

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need a long lie down after all this for

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more details check with your local

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skeptics or go to meetup.com and search

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for australian skeptics now before we

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get stuck into the show an update on

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Fred the cat who went to the vet on

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Friday for a tooth clean or a teeth

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cleaned which meant he had to go into

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general anaesthetic and for a cat 15

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that's no small undertaking but he came

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through very well he's been a bit groggy

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the last few days sort of sleeping a lot

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and walking a bit funny around the house

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but he's on the mend and the vet said

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he's doing pretty well freak at his age

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spread the skeptic zone cat he's not

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here right now he's just in the next

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room having a bit of a sleep but now

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it's time for me to run downstairs open

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the key jar and have some of my mother's

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famous peanut butter cookies she's been

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making since the late 60s oh oh boy

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they're good they are particularly good

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mothers peanut butter cookies well I'm

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enjoying two or three or six of those I

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Oh

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and joining me now all the way from

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edwardsville which is sort of in the

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middle of the United States here in

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Illinois it's my dear friend dr. Pamela

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gay hello Pamela I Richard how are you

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doing today I'm doing really well apart

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from the old Tut of the Sydney hay fever

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which comes around somehow annually

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around springtime strangely enough ah

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well it could be worse here in Illinois

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we have hay fever in the spring and we

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have it in fall and right now we're into

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the tree and goldenrod pollen season so

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everything is yellow and red and it's

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not just leaves that are turning red

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it's also the eyes and the skin sounds

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delightful it sounds delightful Pamela

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it's been a little while since you've

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been on the skeptic zone it's always a

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pleasure to catch up with you so much to

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talk about in the world of science and

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astronomy at the moment let's kick off

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with the the not so big elephant in the

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room the little Pluto little Pluto how

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exciting was that and I noticed over the

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last week there are new images and

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animations coming back from Pluto you

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must have been beside yourself well it's

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so yeah we are recording this on sep

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tember 19th which is a saturday and just

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yesterday September 18th we had a

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release of a new set of images on the

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public site now these aren't science

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quality images they are giving the

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science team nine months to a year to go

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through process the data really science

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before they release the raw images but

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they released a bunch of JPEGs yesterday

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allowing us to flip through and look at

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the edge of Pluto is the Sun shone

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through the atmosphere and basically it

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convinced me this is a world that defies

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everything I ever learned about planets

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it's it's not so much that we sent a

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ship out to explore it which is awesome

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so we sent a ship out to explore it and

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what we found makes no sense and this is

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true not just a Pluto but also if the

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little asteroid ceres a another

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dwarf planet in our solar system it's

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the old expression and it really hit

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home lately with space you expect the

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unexpected and it doesn't mean you

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expect to see something that you've seen

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before and link oh that's odd it should

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be on that planet you see you you get

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things that you you have to look twice

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and then take a cold shower and have

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another coffee and think what what this

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whole idea of the different geology on

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Pluto and the atmosphere itself that

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took me by surprise now I'm not over an

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astronomer of course but still I have a

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basic understanding of these how these

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things work and I seriously expected

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something more or less like our moon to

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be up there but it's not like that at

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all well I was I wasn't so much

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expecting the moon because we knew it

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was ice we did have indications that it

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has an atmosphere that is basically

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created from when it's closer to the Sun

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it heats up a little bit more as things

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freeze things sublimate out when it's

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further from the Sun things freeze and

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they settle back down to the surface so

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we knew that that was going on but the

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other thing that has thrown is it was

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back at the end of the 1990s when Pluto

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was closest to the Sun and it's a few

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years past then and we were expecting

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its atmosphere to be a whole lot less

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thick and one of the other really

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baffling things is when you look at the

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photos of Pluto it has this feature that

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clearly looks like a giant white hard on

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a beautiful body surface and that big

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White Hart is also where a lot of the

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carbon-based gases are coming from so we

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see carbon dioxide coming out of the

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heart of Pluto which I we have no idea

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how to explain that one no idea at all

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it sounds like it's going to be a song

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in the future you know the kids are the

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next century you'll be singing about the

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great heart of Pluto maybe in this

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century I I wouldn't be surprised if

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someone's already written a poem haiku

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or meme about it yes we might have

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inspired someone to do it today yes that

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sending your song now the great heart of

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Pluto the thing that gets me about all

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this coverages you keep hearing

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journalists say things like science our

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scientists are baffled by Pluto and they

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imply that we don't understand things

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because we're dumb and no it's not that

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weird ahmud that we're seeing something

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for the very first time and our limited

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human imaginations didn't prepare us for

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the full diversity of what the solar

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system has to offer and so it's not that

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weird um it's that apparently our

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imaginations failed us and now we're

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this exciting time of well the solar

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system gave us something unexpected and

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now we have the privilege of trying to

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understand it yes scientists a baffled

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indeed well its scientists be baffled it

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means there's another mystery for them

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all to explore an unwrapped and uncover

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and bring us more wonders I do like

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those shots though that I saw it I guess

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he saw it to an animation of the the

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probe passing by and you can see the

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planet sort of moving through space

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that's quite stunning it's not something

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that we're used to being able to see the

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the whole concept of the earth rotating

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we experience that every single day we

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sometimes we'll see snapshots of Mars

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rotating and Mars is similar enough to

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earth that were used to thinking of that

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but here is the planet got flown past by

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our space probe we saw it rotating we

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saw the Sun coming into view we saw all

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of these angles change and it was like a

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Star Trek JJ Abrams has reduced it but

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there was less lens flare it's it was

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one of those truly amazing the science

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was maximized by that opportunity that

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the sunlight just passing through that

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atmosphere and it gave us these fabulous

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images and this completely new

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perspective on our solar system one of

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the things that it's hard to judge

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because I don't know enough about these

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things to judge properly of course

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but how well-lit Pluto is is that

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because it is reasonably well lit all

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the way out there or is that because

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that's what the cameras were

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compensating for it's a little bit of

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both there's actually this thing called

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Pluto time and there's a website that

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you can go to just Google Pluto time and

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it will tell you for your location at

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that day in time of the year a what time

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the brightness outside at your location

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is the same brightness as Pluto and its

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actually remarkably bright so you can go

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outside often just a few minutes to a

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few tens of minutes depending on where

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you are after sunset and in that gray

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darkness after the golden moment has

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ended in that gray darkness when you can

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still look around and see things you're

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having a moment not unlike what it's

270
00:12:36,600 --> 00:12:33,920
like at Pluto and that's just an

271
00:12:39,220 --> 00:12:36,610
effective the Sun is that bright and

272
00:12:41,470 --> 00:12:39,230
even though the brightness drops off as

273
00:12:43,810 --> 00:12:41,480
the square of the distance which is a

274
00:12:45,970 --> 00:12:43,820
fancy way of saying that when you're two

275
00:12:50,470 --> 00:12:45,980
times further away it's four times

276
00:12:53,680 --> 00:12:50,480
fainter three times nine times um even

277
00:12:56,920 --> 00:12:53,690
though you have that going on you can

278
00:12:58,480 --> 00:12:56,930
still see quite nicely that's great it's

279
00:13:00,430 --> 00:12:58,490
good to know for the future people off

280
00:13:02,470 --> 00:13:00,440
to Pluto if you're listening to the

281
00:13:03,850 --> 00:13:02,480
skeptic zone on the ancient archives and

282
00:13:06,699 --> 00:13:03,860
you're on your way to Prudhoe be rest

283
00:13:08,920 --> 00:13:06,709
assured Pamela gay said way back in 2015

284
00:13:11,769 --> 00:13:08,930
that you should be able to see see your

285
00:13:15,430 --> 00:13:11,779
way around well it is only about four

286
00:13:17,710 --> 00:13:15,440
and a half light-hours away when we're

287
00:13:22,030 --> 00:13:17,720
on average when we're roughly on the

288
00:13:23,889 --> 00:13:22,040
same side is the son of the Sun four and

289
00:13:27,370 --> 00:13:23,899
a half to five and a half hours way so

290
00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:27,380
it will have heard this podcast if

291
00:13:32,560 --> 00:13:30,130
someone sends it out over the radio

292
00:13:34,720 --> 00:13:32,570
that's good to know Pam roads it's good

293
00:13:36,460 --> 00:13:34,730
to know well let's think about something

294
00:13:38,170 --> 00:13:36,470
a little closer to home and they've

295
00:13:40,420 --> 00:13:38,180
pluto's down the end of the block let's

296
00:13:42,189 --> 00:13:40,430
go halfway or less than half way of

297
00:13:44,470 --> 00:13:42,199
course let's visit Mars for a moment

298
00:13:46,809 --> 00:13:44,480
what's happening on Mars Pamela what's

299
00:13:49,090 --> 00:13:46,819
happening there at the moment well Mars

300
00:13:54,070 --> 00:13:49,100
is this happy little were

301
00:13:56,560 --> 00:13:54,080
old that we keep sending robots to so

302
00:13:57,960 --> 00:13:56,570
someday in the future explorers are

303
00:14:02,290 --> 00:13:57,970
actually going to be able to do

304
00:14:05,860 --> 00:14:02,300
archaeological digs and recover mars

305
00:14:09,220 --> 00:14:05,870
phoenix from the ice and find spirits

306
00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:09,230
stuck in the sand and currently we have

307
00:14:15,880 --> 00:14:12,170
curiosity out well getting curious about

308
00:14:20,590 --> 00:14:15,890
the rocks and doing all sorts of samples

309
00:14:24,280 --> 00:14:20,600
and where it is is a beautiful carved

310
00:14:26,650 --> 00:14:24,290
out preserved landscape in Gale Crater

311
00:14:30,850 --> 00:14:26,660
that once upon a time probably had water

312
00:14:34,810 --> 00:14:30,860
and what's interesting is as we look

313
00:14:37,720 --> 00:14:34,820
toward the future and the 2020 rover we

314
00:14:41,500 --> 00:14:37,730
are looking to find someplace that's the

315
00:14:43,480 --> 00:14:41,510
opposite of that to go exploring next so

316
00:14:47,080 --> 00:14:43,490
with the Mars 2020 rover what we're

317
00:14:49,690 --> 00:14:47,090
looking to do is find someplace that is

318
00:14:52,270 --> 00:14:49,700
constantly having what's exposed to the

319
00:14:54,940 --> 00:14:52,280
surface renewed so just like when you go

320
00:14:57,880 --> 00:14:54,950
to the chalk cliffs of Dover you can

321
00:14:59,830 --> 00:14:57,890
find dinosaur bones as the cliff decays

322
00:15:03,160 --> 00:14:59,840
away revealing layer upon layer of

323
00:15:06,130 --> 00:15:03,170
fossils if there are fossils to be found

324
00:15:08,920 --> 00:15:06,140
on Mars perhaps the place to go looking

325
00:15:12,610 --> 00:15:08,930
is someplace that has the study erosion

326
00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:12,620
so we're working over at cosmic West to

327
00:15:18,430 --> 00:15:16,010
look through images to find the most

328
00:15:20,500 --> 00:15:18,440
weathered surfaces the places with the

329
00:15:23,890 --> 00:15:20,510
moving sand dunes the places that are

330
00:15:25,690 --> 00:15:23,900
well changing so rapidly but not a

331
00:15:27,760 --> 00:15:25,700
crater is left standing because

332
00:15:30,370 --> 00:15:27,770
everything has literally been blown away

333
00:15:33,340 --> 00:15:30,380
that's that's amazing because that's one

334
00:15:35,890 --> 00:15:33,350
thing that struck me over the last 10 or

335
00:15:38,140 --> 00:15:35,900
so years about Mars when I've been

336
00:15:42,130 --> 00:15:38,150
looking at the images and hearing about

337
00:15:44,800 --> 00:15:42,140
it is the dramatic weather Mars has in

338
00:15:46,210 --> 00:15:44,810
regards to wind storms and dust devils

339
00:15:48,580 --> 00:15:46,220
and things like that it's it's quite

340
00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:48,590
something isn't it yeah there is

341
00:15:53,670 --> 00:15:49,930
actually photos that came out just

342
00:15:56,830 --> 00:15:53,680
yesterday of dirt Devils on Mars and

343
00:15:58,300 --> 00:15:56,840
it's amazing how much they look like the

344
00:16:00,370 --> 00:15:58,310
dirt Devils that we see out in the

345
00:16:02,450 --> 00:16:00,380
Painted Desert in the American Southwest

346
00:16:06,560 --> 00:16:02,460
where you have this

347
00:16:08,780 --> 00:16:06,570
red and orange sandstone surfaces and as

348
00:16:11,630 --> 00:16:08,790
the fine particulate get carried up into

349
00:16:13,340 --> 00:16:11,640
the admittedly much thinner on Mars but

350
00:16:17,630 --> 00:16:13,350
it carried up into the atmosphere they

351
00:16:20,300 --> 00:16:17,640
appears these white columns and looking

352
00:16:22,430 --> 00:16:20,310
down from the spacecraft at even the

353
00:16:26,660 --> 00:16:22,440
slightest angle you'll see these very

354
00:16:28,850 --> 00:16:26,670
thin wispy white columns that it might

355
00:16:31,790 --> 00:16:28,860
have been drawn by a child that hasn't

356
00:16:33,860 --> 00:16:31,800
actually seen a real tornado just

357
00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:33,870
tracking their way across the surface

358
00:16:37,700 --> 00:16:35,970
and often leaving these dark streaks

359
00:16:40,340 --> 00:16:37,710
where they've revealed slightly deeper

360
00:16:43,100 --> 00:16:40,350
down dirt well if that's been going on

361
00:16:46,190 --> 00:16:43,110
for presumably millions of years that's

362
00:16:48,940 --> 00:16:46,200
really um really shaped the surface of

363
00:16:52,010 --> 00:16:48,950
Mars and a dramatic sense hasn't it it

364
00:16:54,340 --> 00:16:52,020
has and what's interesting is just like

365
00:16:57,290 --> 00:16:54,350
here here on earth we don't see

366
00:17:00,020 --> 00:16:57,300
tornadoes on a regular basis everywhere

367
00:17:02,540 --> 00:17:00,030
on the planet where you are in Australia

368
00:17:05,480 --> 00:17:02,550
I I doubt Sydney's these very many

369
00:17:08,150 --> 00:17:05,490
tornadoes if any not many as it turns

370
00:17:10,430 --> 00:17:08,160
out that what once in a while in fact

371
00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:10,440
and I'll say it'll make the news a mini

372
00:17:14,540 --> 00:17:12,690
tornado hit the suburb of so-and-so and

373
00:17:16,010 --> 00:17:14,550
so-and-so but that's that's a once in a

374
00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:16,020
ten-year event or something like that

375
00:17:22,460 --> 00:17:20,010
right where is where I am we test our

376
00:17:24,860 --> 00:17:22,470
tornado signals once a month because we

377
00:17:27,560 --> 00:17:24,870
know there's going to be tornado season

378
00:17:31,930 --> 00:17:27,570
where those alarms go off pretty every

379
00:17:34,430 --> 00:17:31,940
day and so the shape of the geology

380
00:17:36,830 --> 00:17:34,440
literally shapes the atmosphere and

381
00:17:39,920 --> 00:17:36,840
shapes the thermal properties that

382
00:17:42,560 --> 00:17:39,930
create these conditions that are perfect

383
00:17:44,930 --> 00:17:42,570
for dust devils perfect for tornadoes

384
00:17:48,650 --> 00:17:44,940
perfect for all of these cyclical storms

385
00:17:51,710 --> 00:17:48,660
and not all of Mars has these dirt

386
00:17:53,390 --> 00:17:51,720
devils so as we look at different areas

387
00:17:56,300 --> 00:17:53,400
it's like here is the region of the

388
00:17:58,280 --> 00:17:56,310
black squiggly things on the surface and

389
00:18:01,010 --> 00:17:58,290
that's the area we're refining these

390
00:18:04,460 --> 00:18:01,020
these dirt devils and this is the region

391
00:18:07,550 --> 00:18:04,470
where things are filled with craters and

392
00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:07,560
it still looks like this ancient surface

393
00:18:12,770 --> 00:18:09,930
more like the moon and so different

394
00:18:14,780 --> 00:18:12,780
parts of Mars look dramatically

395
00:18:16,440 --> 00:18:14,790
different and this is one of those

396
00:18:19,380 --> 00:18:16,450
reasons why

397
00:18:22,800 --> 00:18:19,390
we need help mapping out Mars and and so

398
00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:22,810
if you go to cosmic west org I'm doing

399
00:18:29,910 --> 00:18:27,250
moon mappers we've gathered highly

400
00:18:31,560 --> 00:18:29,920
detailed images of this large region

401
00:18:34,310 --> 00:18:31,570
where we know there is a lot of erosion

402
00:18:37,740 --> 00:18:34,320
going on but some parts of the region

403
00:18:40,890 --> 00:18:37,750
have much more erosion much more wind

404
00:18:43,290 --> 00:18:40,900
much more weather and going on than

405
00:18:44,570 --> 00:18:43,300
other regions some of them you do get

406
00:18:46,920 --> 00:18:44,580
this image where it's like well

407
00:18:50,460 --> 00:18:46,930
expletive there are a bunch of craters

408
00:18:53,190 --> 00:18:50,470
here this area is well sheltered well

409
00:18:55,350 --> 00:18:53,200
preserved and that's not where we want

410
00:18:57,270 --> 00:18:55,360
to go fossil hunting it fossil hunting

411
00:18:58,740 --> 00:18:57,280
is far too strong of a word it's not

412
00:19:00,450 --> 00:18:58,750
where we want to go looking for the

413
00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:00,460
organic signatures of potential

414
00:19:06,780 --> 00:19:05,080
historical life so but what's cool is we

415
00:19:09,360 --> 00:19:06,790
are finally starting to talk about

416
00:19:11,610 --> 00:19:09,370
looking for biological signatures oh

417
00:19:14,040 --> 00:19:11,620
it's too good to be true Pamela fossil

418
00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:14,050
hunting on Mars get your tickets here I

419
00:19:19,590 --> 00:19:17,650
would I've been fossil hunting on this

420
00:19:22,680 --> 00:19:19,600
planet the prospect of doing it on

421
00:19:25,170 --> 00:19:22,690
another planet is thrilling let's just

422
00:19:30,530 --> 00:19:25,180
leave it let's leave it there pellet and

423
00:19:33,720 --> 00:19:30,540
Ozzie I want a t-shirt I want to t-shirt

424
00:19:36,650 --> 00:19:33,730
it would be so much harder because here

425
00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:36,660
on earth you can go fossil hunting and

426
00:19:42,930 --> 00:19:39,010
there are places like sunspot

427
00:19:46,680 --> 00:19:42,940
Observatory out in New Mexico it's the

428
00:19:47,910 --> 00:19:46,690
same mountain that patchy that started

429
00:19:50,520 --> 00:19:47,920
the saloon general sky surveys

430
00:19:52,980 --> 00:19:50,530
telescopes on its Apache point out and

431
00:19:56,040 --> 00:19:52,990
you can just walk along and pick up a

432
00:20:01,440 --> 00:19:56,050
rock and there's like oh I found a leaf

433
00:20:03,720 --> 00:20:01,450
from a long time ago on Mars that will

434
00:20:06,830 --> 00:20:03,730
never be the case it's me tell but

435
00:20:10,320 --> 00:20:06,840
there's the possibility of

436
00:20:12,090 --> 00:20:10,330
microorganisms of bacteria um it isn't

437
00:20:14,760 --> 00:20:12,100
to say that it's a definite it's just

438
00:20:18,750 --> 00:20:14,770
say there could have been a time in the

439
00:20:20,700 --> 00:20:18,760
past when Mars was wet that life could

440
00:20:23,580 --> 00:20:20,710
have existed and there are those who

441
00:20:26,940 --> 00:20:23,590
believe that if you dig down deep we may

442
00:20:30,480 --> 00:20:26,950
still find small microbes that leave

443
00:20:33,870 --> 00:20:30,490
very pathetic fossils there may

444
00:20:38,460 --> 00:20:33,880
still be pathetic life living a pathetic

445
00:20:41,400 --> 00:20:38,470
existence in the salty briny liquid deep

446
00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:41,410
down on Mars now speaking of Cosmo quiz

447
00:20:46,350 --> 00:20:43,450
Pamela can you for our listeners who

448
00:20:48,900 --> 00:20:46,360
don't who may not know can you give us a

449
00:20:51,150 --> 00:20:48,910
brief overview of that are about exactly

450
00:20:56,100 --> 00:20:51,160
what is Cosmo quest what is it all about

451
00:20:59,270 --> 00:20:56,110
our core mission is to invite the public

452
00:21:02,610 --> 00:20:59,280
to come and be researchers with us and

453
00:21:04,320 --> 00:21:02,620
not just ask them to do stuff there

454
00:21:07,620 --> 00:21:04,330
there's lots of sites that do that

455
00:21:10,380 --> 00:21:07,630
crowdsourcing work but we want to treat

456
00:21:11,910 --> 00:21:10,390
art our citizen science colleagues the

457
00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:11,920
same way we treat our students and our

458
00:21:16,590 --> 00:21:14,650
peers so we work to provide online

459
00:21:19,260 --> 00:21:16,600
seminars we work to provide online

460
00:21:22,260 --> 00:21:19,270
classes and activities and forums and

461
00:21:23,940 --> 00:21:22,270
ways that you can do all the things you

462
00:21:26,850 --> 00:21:23,950
would do in a research center in a

463
00:21:29,700 --> 00:21:26,860
university from watching planetarium

464
00:21:32,970 --> 00:21:29,710
shows admittedly on YouTube but we do

465
00:21:35,460 --> 00:21:32,980
produce planetarium shows to being able

466
00:21:38,669 --> 00:21:35,470
to vicariously attend conferences

467
00:21:41,100 --> 00:21:38,679
through all of our live coverage so we

468
00:21:44,490 --> 00:21:41,110
have a variety of projects and invite

469
00:21:46,590 --> 00:21:44,500
you to come in and help us work with a

470
00:21:50,160 --> 00:21:46,600
variety of NASA missions to map out the

471
00:21:51,900 --> 00:21:50,170
moon and Vesta Mars and Mercury and then

472
00:21:54,210 --> 00:21:51,910
we have all of our different seminar

473
00:21:57,299 --> 00:21:54,220
series and we will be starting a new

474
00:21:59,880 --> 00:21:57,309
round of classes coming up probably late

475
00:22:02,130 --> 00:21:59,890
November so this is a great way for

476
00:22:05,010 --> 00:22:02,140
people all around the world to really

477
00:22:09,200 --> 00:22:05,020
take an active part in exploring our

478
00:22:11,790 --> 00:22:09,210
solar system exactly we are the only

479
00:22:14,700 --> 00:22:11,800
citizen science project and astronomy to

480
00:22:17,820 --> 00:22:14,710
actually do publish research science

481
00:22:19,470 --> 00:22:17,830
with planetary Research there's lots of

482
00:22:22,910 --> 00:22:19,480
projects out there but we're the first

483
00:22:25,350 --> 00:22:22,920
one that actually get results that

484
00:22:27,780 --> 00:22:25,360
because we treat people like our

485
00:22:30,360 --> 00:22:27,790
students and our peers were the first

486
00:22:33,270 --> 00:22:30,370
ones to get these citizen science

487
00:22:35,910 --> 00:22:33,280
colleagues to the point that their data

488
00:22:37,710 --> 00:22:35,920
is allowing us to have a new

489
00:22:40,620 --> 00:22:37,720
understanding of these other worlds

490
00:22:44,130 --> 00:22:40,630
that's fantastic what's that URL again

491
00:22:47,730 --> 00:22:44,140
please Pamela it is cosmic West

492
00:22:50,850 --> 00:22:47,740
got Arg easy to remember folks Cosmo

493
00:22:52,560 --> 00:22:50,860
quest org now before we go Pamela let's

494
00:22:54,750 --> 00:22:52,570
have a chat about the end of the world

495
00:22:57,630 --> 00:22:54,760
it's very sad I mean we've had a good

496
00:22:59,850 --> 00:22:57,640
run I know humanity's only been here for

497
00:23:02,160 --> 00:22:59,860
a little blip in the whole scale of

498
00:23:05,010 --> 00:23:02,170
things but I'm very I was very sad to

499
00:23:06,720 --> 00:23:05,020
see on facebook or was it Twitter or

500
00:23:08,010 --> 00:23:06,730
somewhere people telling me but the

501
00:23:09,420 --> 00:23:08,020
world's coming to an end pretty soon

502
00:23:14,460 --> 00:23:09,430
with something called a Blood Moon

503
00:23:18,830 --> 00:23:14,470
should I be worried no not at all it's

504
00:23:23,340 --> 00:23:18,840
it's really amusing to me that that the

505
00:23:28,530 --> 00:23:23,350
upcoming a lunar eclipse has such a

506
00:23:32,670 --> 00:23:28,540
horrific name so our sep tember full

507
00:23:36,540 --> 00:23:32,680
moon uh this month on September 27th

508
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:36,550
28th for those of you who are in Western

509
00:23:43,410 --> 00:23:39,010
Europe western Africa anywhere in South

510
00:23:47,460 --> 00:23:43,420
America or eastern North America you're

511
00:23:50,580 --> 00:23:47,470
going to be able to look up and see our

512
00:23:53,730 --> 00:23:50,590
moon pass into the earth shadow and I

513
00:23:58,350 --> 00:23:53,740
either in full or in part go from its

514
00:24:00,990 --> 00:23:58,360
bright shining self to being probably in

515
00:24:02,940 --> 00:24:01,000
all reality a dark bloody color because

516
00:24:05,280 --> 00:24:02,950
of all of the volcanic activity that's

517
00:24:07,020 --> 00:24:05,290
been going on lately but the name Blood

518
00:24:09,830 --> 00:24:07,030
Moon actually just comes from the time

519
00:24:12,270 --> 00:24:09,840
of year so it's a strange confluence of

520
00:24:14,670 --> 00:24:12,280
because volcanoes the eclipse will

521
00:24:17,220 --> 00:24:14,680
probably be very red because of timing

522
00:24:21,540 --> 00:24:17,230
it's called a Blood Moon ah that's

523
00:24:24,330 --> 00:24:21,550
interesting it's a we normally don't

524
00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:24,340
think that all this volcanic action is

525
00:24:28,980 --> 00:24:26,410
is so good and people certainly have a

526
00:24:31,050 --> 00:24:28,990
bad time if they live near one but but

527
00:24:32,940 --> 00:24:31,060
there's the the flip side is we get some

528
00:24:34,590 --> 00:24:32,950
interesting atmospheric effects of

529
00:24:38,130 --> 00:24:34,600
course well planes don't like it either

530
00:24:42,870 --> 00:24:38,140
I guess it's you know as long as the ash

531
00:24:45,990 --> 00:24:42,880
stays out of people's livelihood yeah it

532
00:24:49,800 --> 00:24:46,000
doesn't destroy houses homes businesses

533
00:24:53,340 --> 00:24:49,810
or airplane travel volcanism is actually

534
00:24:56,250 --> 00:24:53,350
very useful it is how we recycle a lot

535
00:24:57,600 --> 00:24:56,260
of material and all of that ash thrown

536
00:24:59,640 --> 00:24:57,610
up into the atmosphere

537
00:25:02,130 --> 00:24:59,650
it can be annoying when you're doing

538
00:25:03,870 --> 00:25:02,140
observational astronomy but when we're

539
00:25:05,940 --> 00:25:03,880
looking at the moon it creates really

540
00:25:08,549 --> 00:25:05,950
neat atmospheric effects and overall it

541
00:25:10,380 --> 00:25:08,559
does help reflect sunlight coming down

542
00:25:12,510 --> 00:25:10,390
towards our planet and right now we need

543
00:25:16,110 --> 00:25:12,520
all the sunlight reflected we can get so

544
00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:16,120
let's hope that some unlived upon island

545
00:25:23,039 --> 00:25:19,600
goes all Krakatau on us in the future it

546
00:25:25,610 --> 00:25:23,049
probably will happen I here's to hoping

547
00:25:28,350 --> 00:25:25,620
for a new Krakatoa week we can only hope

548
00:25:30,450 --> 00:25:28,360
we can only and will be well maybe

549
00:25:32,250 --> 00:25:30,460
that'll be a sign of the end times

550
00:25:34,110 --> 00:25:32,260
rather than this blood moon coming up

551
00:25:36,900 --> 00:25:34,120
well look forward to seeing it

552
00:25:39,240 --> 00:25:36,910
regardless and and last thing of course

553
00:25:42,030 --> 00:25:39,250
is right from the beginning of the

554
00:25:44,610 --> 00:25:42,040
skeptic zone right from the very early

555
00:25:53,130 --> 00:25:44,620
episodes I've been running this

556
00:25:54,990 --> 00:25:53,140
particular provo folks astronomy cast

557
00:25:57,270 --> 00:25:55,000
who takes a fact space journey through

558
00:25:59,280 --> 00:25:57,280
the cosmos as it offers listeners weekly

559
00:26:02,610 --> 00:25:59,290
discussions on astronomical topics

560
00:26:04,680 --> 00:26:02,620
ranging from planets to cosmology hosted

561
00:26:06,930 --> 00:26:04,690
by Fraser Cain of Universe Today and

562
00:26:09,450 --> 00:26:06,940
myself dr. Pamela gave southern illinois

563
00:26:11,520 --> 00:26:09,460
university edwardsville this show brings

564
00:26:13,950 --> 00:26:11,530
the questions of an avid astronomy lover

565
00:26:16,049 --> 00:26:13,960
directly to an astronomer together

566
00:26:17,580 --> 00:26:16,059
Fraser and I explore what is known and

567
00:26:20,340 --> 00:26:17,590
being discovered about the universe

568
00:26:22,440 --> 00:26:20,350
around us join us each week as we take a

569
00:26:26,880 --> 00:26:22,450
fax space journey through the cosmos at

570
00:26:28,980 --> 00:26:26,890
astronomy cast calm I don't know how

571
00:26:32,039 --> 00:26:28,990
many times I played that Pamela over the

572
00:26:33,930 --> 00:26:32,049
years how is the podcast going oh it's

573
00:26:36,870 --> 00:26:33,940
it's fabulous we just came back from our

574
00:26:40,080 --> 00:26:36,880
summer hiatus Fraser and I are still

575
00:26:41,909 --> 00:26:40,090
doing the old deck we're still bringing

576
00:26:46,380 --> 00:26:41,919
people of facts based journey through

577
00:26:50,880 --> 00:26:46,390
our cosmos one week at a time and it's

578
00:26:53,850 --> 00:26:50,890
hard to change the promo when we are

579
00:26:56,820 --> 00:26:53,860
still doing the exact same things are so

580
00:27:00,539 --> 00:26:56,830
much astronomy the cover and as we keep

581
00:27:01,890 --> 00:27:00,549
making new discoveries I I would never

582
00:27:05,490 --> 00:27:01,900
have guessed that there was a

583
00:27:07,950 --> 00:27:05,500
pyramid-shaped mountain on Ceres and at

584
00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:07,960
some point I can see as dedicating a

585
00:27:11,220 --> 00:27:10,210
full 30 minutes just to that mountain on

586
00:27:13,919 --> 00:27:11,230
Ceres

587
00:27:16,470 --> 00:27:13,929
that's fantastic and I'm so pleased that

588
00:27:18,240 --> 00:27:16,480
the the podcast is going and going

589
00:27:20,310 --> 00:27:18,250
strong after all these years it means

590
00:27:23,610 --> 00:27:20,320
that I'm running the promo for a good

591
00:27:26,970 --> 00:27:23,620
reason you you are and hey this is 10

592
00:27:30,510 --> 00:27:26,980
years of podcasting this year does that

593
00:27:32,669 --> 00:27:30,520
make you feel old yeah well I mean it's

594
00:27:34,440 --> 00:27:32,679
74 skipping zone we're trying to catch

595
00:27:36,450 --> 00:27:34,450
up you see Pamela we're desperately

596
00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:36,460
trying to catch up to you and SGU and

597
00:27:42,180 --> 00:27:40,450
another pocket for many years maybe one

598
00:27:45,020 --> 00:27:42,190
day we'll do it who knows maybe one what

599
00:27:49,049 --> 00:27:45,030
they will do it well dr. Pamela gate

600
00:27:50,909 --> 00:27:49,059
your slot on the skeptic zone is always

601
00:27:52,680 --> 00:27:50,919
hear your chair is waiting your

602
00:27:55,140 --> 00:27:52,690
microphone has always turned on for the

603
00:27:56,970 --> 00:27:55,150
skeptic zone any time you wish to come

604
00:27:59,850 --> 00:27:56,980
on and have a chat to our audience we

605
00:28:01,650 --> 00:27:59,860
would be delighted to have you I love

606
00:28:04,289 --> 00:28:01,660
all of you guys and I really love

607
00:28:06,570 --> 00:28:04,299
getting to be on Anna hopefully next

608
00:28:10,289 --> 00:28:06,580
time we record all once again be face to

609
00:28:13,169 --> 00:28:10,299
face and maybe not as 'il foreal filled

610
00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:13,179
as it was a couple years ago listeners

611
00:28:18,450 --> 00:28:16,330
might go back through the archives about

612
00:28:19,919 --> 00:28:18,460
two years ago Pamela was visiting Sydney

613
00:28:21,510 --> 00:28:19,929
and we strolled through the botanical

614
00:28:24,900 --> 00:28:21,520
gardens and we came across this giant

615
00:28:26,970 --> 00:28:24,910
pond full of eels and as we the Eels

616
00:28:29,940 --> 00:28:26,980
were swimming around near our feet we

617
00:28:32,909 --> 00:28:29,950
were recording it was quite fun it

618
00:28:35,039 --> 00:28:32,919
really was dr. Pamela gay all the way

619
00:28:37,049 --> 00:28:35,049
over there in edwardsville in the

620
00:28:39,060 --> 00:28:37,059
heartland of tornadoes and all sorts of

621
00:29:00,880 --> 00:28:39,070
blood moons and terrible things happen

622
00:29:05,900 --> 00:29:03,680
welcome to a week in science from ra oz

623
00:29:08,540 --> 00:29:05,910
bringing you the science you need to

624
00:29:10,549 --> 00:29:08,550
know anyone who knows me knows I'm a bit

625
00:29:12,410 --> 00:29:10,559
of a sci-fi fan and the question that

626
00:29:18,350 --> 00:29:12,420
literally no one has ever asked me is

627
00:29:20,510 --> 00:29:18,360
could cyborgs exist cyborgs are a staple

628
00:29:23,900 --> 00:29:20,520
of sci-fi appearing in everything from

629
00:29:26,090 --> 00:29:23,910
Doctor Who Star Trek Star Wars just

630
00:29:28,130 --> 00:29:26,100
about any show you can think of we think

631
00:29:30,740 --> 00:29:28,140
of cyborgs as a mixture of biological

632
00:29:33,200 --> 00:29:30,750
and computational technology such as a

633
00:29:35,540 --> 00:29:33,210
human body supplemented with electronics

634
00:29:37,790 --> 00:29:35,550
that all sounds a bit fans full but is

635
00:29:39,500 --> 00:29:37,800
it could humans one day start

636
00:29:41,870 --> 00:29:39,510
incorporating robotic or computer

637
00:29:46,370 --> 00:29:41,880
technology into our bodies believe it or

638
00:29:47,990 --> 00:29:46,380
not it's already started the University

639
00:29:50,150 --> 00:29:48,000
of Washington has already carried out

640
00:29:51,830 --> 00:29:50,160
experiments where a person's conscious

641
00:29:53,840 --> 00:29:51,840
thought was carried over the internet

642
00:29:55,940 --> 00:29:53,850
and induced movements in a second person

643
00:29:57,919 --> 00:29:55,950
sitting elsewhere there is also

644
00:29:59,510 --> 00:29:57,929
researched looking into the interaction

645
00:30:01,790 --> 00:29:59,520
between the human nervous system and

646
00:30:04,070 --> 00:30:01,800
machines potentially allowing human

647
00:30:06,350 --> 00:30:04,080
thought to control machinery but why do

648
00:30:07,970 --> 00:30:06,360
we want to the drawback of flesh and

649
00:30:10,430 --> 00:30:07,980
blood as bodies is that they will

650
00:30:11,750 --> 00:30:10,440
eventually fail while a cyborg body and

651
00:30:14,210 --> 00:30:11,760
mind could effectively give us

652
00:30:16,130 --> 00:30:14,220
immortality but more than that it may

653
00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:16,140
give hope to those who do have serious

654
00:30:20,180 --> 00:30:17,610
health problems which restricts their

655
00:30:23,360 --> 00:30:20,190
mobility communication or other day to

656
00:30:25,860 --> 00:30:23,370
day tasks and now for fast facts about

657
00:30:28,330 --> 00:30:25,870
cybernetics

658
00:30:30,220 --> 00:30:28,340
wearable electronics such as Google

659
00:30:32,740 --> 00:30:30,230
glass could be seen as the first step

660
00:30:35,440 --> 00:30:32,750
towards cybernetics giving humans high

661
00:30:37,660 --> 00:30:35,450
functionality through technology Isis

662
00:30:39,940 --> 00:30:37,670
Neil Harvison has implanted technology

663
00:30:42,520 --> 00:30:39,950
into his head to correct color blindness

664
00:30:45,580 --> 00:30:42,530
and he now even considers himself to be

665
00:30:47,860 --> 00:30:45,590
a cyborg in 2009 European doctors

666
00:30:49,800 --> 00:30:47,870
successfully integrated a robotic hand

667
00:30:52,360 --> 00:30:49,810
into the nervous system of an amputee

668
00:30:55,030 --> 00:30:52,370
allowing him to control the hand as if

669
00:30:56,920 --> 00:30:55,040
it were his own and a small mobile robot

670
00:30:59,890 --> 00:30:56,930
has also been built and successfully

671
00:31:01,840 --> 00:30:59,900
controlled using rat neurons that's it

672
00:31:03,910 --> 00:31:01,850
for this week in science if you want to

673
00:31:05,500 --> 00:31:03,920
find out more about cybernetics one day

674
00:31:08,020 --> 00:31:05,510
you won't even need the Internet to look

675
00:31:12,910 --> 00:31:08,030
it up but until then goes the are l's

676
00:31:15,670 --> 00:31:12,920
website RI aus org dot a you follow us

677
00:31:17,710 --> 00:31:15,680
on twitter at RS and like us on facebook

678
00:31:37,840 --> 00:31:17,720
i'm ben lewis and we'll catch you next

679
00:31:51,260 --> 00:31:44,300
as reported at ww sunshine coast daily

680
00:31:54,470 --> 00:31:51,270
com au on the 16th of sep tember 2015 by

681
00:31:58,450 --> 00:31:54,480
Jamie Hill mum who said no to

682
00:32:01,430 --> 00:31:58,460
chemotherapy poison clear of cancer and

683
00:32:08,020 --> 00:32:01,440
here is Joe alabaster to read that

684
00:32:13,610 --> 00:32:08,030
report mum who said no to chemotherapy

685
00:32:15,500 --> 00:32:13,620
poison clear of cancer a sunshine coast

686
00:32:18,050 --> 00:32:15,510
mum who decided to fight breast cancer

687
00:32:19,730 --> 00:32:18,060
without drugs is clear of the disease

688
00:32:24,320 --> 00:32:19,740
and about to undergo reconstructive

689
00:32:26,470 --> 00:32:24,330
surgery charissa Macklin rice underwent

690
00:32:29,390 --> 00:32:26,480
a double mastectomy in March last year

691
00:32:31,880 --> 00:32:29,400
after being diagnosed with stage three

692
00:32:35,300 --> 00:32:31,890
ductal carcinoma which had spread to her

693
00:32:38,030 --> 00:32:35,310
lymph nodes she chose not to have

694
00:32:40,520 --> 00:32:38,040
chemotherapy radiation or the estrogen

695
00:32:42,620 --> 00:32:40,530
blocker tamoxifen after watching her

696
00:32:46,070 --> 00:32:42,630
mother's battle with breast cancer which

697
00:32:48,470 --> 00:32:46,080
ended with her death in 2011 ms macklin

698
00:32:52,310 --> 00:32:48,480
rice regards the conventional drugs as

699
00:32:54,950 --> 00:32:52,320
quote poison unquote and chose to fight

700
00:32:57,710 --> 00:32:54,960
cancer by adopting an organic vegan diet

701
00:33:00,290 --> 00:32:57,720
and making lifestyle changes the Blee

702
00:33:04,400 --> 00:33:00,300
Blee 43 year old said she was now clear

703
00:33:06,770 --> 00:33:04,410
of cancer quote I believe your body has

704
00:33:08,960 --> 00:33:06,780
everything it needs to fight you just

705
00:33:12,170 --> 00:33:08,970
need to give it the right fuel end quote

706
00:33:15,230 --> 00:33:12,180
she said she treated a recurrence of the

707
00:33:18,790 --> 00:33:15,240
disease some lumps in scar tissue in May

708
00:33:21,770 --> 00:33:18,800
this year using a homemade black selves

709
00:33:24,410 --> 00:33:21,780
ms macklin rice puts the recurrence down

710
00:33:27,610 --> 00:33:24,420
to becoming slack with her diet sneaking

711
00:33:30,770 --> 00:33:27,620
quote party foods end quote and alcohol

712
00:33:33,230 --> 00:33:30,780
quote I'd got a little complacent with

713
00:33:36,920 --> 00:33:33,240
food so I had to get strict again

714
00:33:39,590 --> 00:33:36,930
and quote she said besides eating mostly

715
00:33:43,160 --> 00:33:39,600
fruit and raw food ms macklin rice also

716
00:33:46,130 --> 00:33:43,170
fasts for three days once month quote

717
00:33:48,590 --> 00:33:46,140
I'm a great believer that our digestive

718
00:33:52,460 --> 00:33:48,600
system holds the key to our health end

719
00:33:54,980 --> 00:33:52,470
quote she said quote by doing the

720
00:33:59,690 --> 00:33:54,990
fasting you give your gut a chance to

721
00:34:02,090 --> 00:33:59,700
have a break and repair end quote she

722
00:34:04,460 --> 00:34:02,100
said yoga had also proven life-changing

723
00:34:07,340 --> 00:34:04,470
helping to heal become more accepting

724
00:34:09,260 --> 00:34:07,350
and believe in herself she said that her

725
00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:09,270
healthy lifestyle changes were hard at

726
00:34:14,260 --> 00:34:11,490
first but she had no problem maintaining

727
00:34:17,230 --> 00:34:14,270
them for the rest of her life quote I'm

728
00:34:20,240 --> 00:34:17,240
committed to living end quote she said

729
00:34:22,400 --> 00:34:20,250
ms macklin rice plans to use her spare

730
00:34:25,310 --> 00:34:22,410
time before and after reconstructive

731
00:34:27,620 --> 00:34:25,320
surgery on october six to start a blog

732
00:34:30,500 --> 00:34:27,630
for people interested in her approach to

733
00:34:32,810 --> 00:34:30,510
cancer and general health quote i

734
00:34:35,210 --> 00:34:32,820
wouldn't encourage everybody to heal the

735
00:34:38,360 --> 00:34:35,220
way i have not everybody is ready for

736
00:34:40,040 --> 00:34:38,370
that and quote she said this report

737
00:34:42,320 --> 00:34:40,050
caught the attention of russ bolt from

738
00:34:45,290 --> 00:34:42,330
the Brisbane skeptics society who penned

739
00:34:47,900 --> 00:34:45,300
the following letter to the editor dear

740
00:34:50,180 --> 00:34:47,910
editor as president of Brisbane skeptics

741
00:34:52,040 --> 00:34:50,190
society and concerned medical researcher

742
00:34:55,400 --> 00:34:52,050
i previously wrote to you in regard to

743
00:34:57,710 --> 00:34:55,410
your August thirteenth 2014 article low

744
00:34:59,450 --> 00:34:57,720
vaccination rates park new campaign in

745
00:35:01,340 --> 00:34:59,460
which a citizen that was not qualified

746
00:35:03,380 --> 00:35:01,350
to speak on vaccinations was

747
00:35:06,110 --> 00:35:03,390
inappropriately quoted as a legitimate

748
00:35:07,130 --> 00:35:06,120
source I was disappointed then to read a

749
00:35:09,640 --> 00:35:07,140
recent article in the newspaper

750
00:35:12,860 --> 00:35:09,650
published on the sixteenth of September

751
00:35:15,520 --> 00:35:12,870
2015 titled mum who said no to

752
00:35:19,820 --> 00:35:15,530
chemotherapy poison clear of cancer

753
00:35:21,680 --> 00:35:19,830
cancer is a serious illness over 120,000

754
00:35:23,950 --> 00:35:21,690
Australians are expected to be diagnosed

755
00:35:26,480 --> 00:35:23,960
with cancer by the end of the year with

756
00:35:29,180 --> 00:35:26,490
45,000 more unfortunately succumbing to

757
00:35:30,770 --> 00:35:29,190
the various forms of the disease many

758
00:35:33,110 --> 00:35:30,780
cancers can become life-threatening

759
00:35:35,270 --> 00:35:33,120
extremely quickly if not treated in the

760
00:35:37,220 --> 00:35:35,280
appropriate way so it is extremely

761
00:35:38,870 --> 00:35:37,230
alarming to see dangerous health advice

762
00:35:41,480 --> 00:35:38,880
not only featured in the sunshine coast

763
00:35:43,550 --> 00:35:41,490
daily but even worse lacking the

764
00:35:45,590 --> 00:35:43,560
appropriate evaluation and warnings that

765
00:35:46,490 --> 00:35:45,600
should be provided by qualified

766
00:35:48,750 --> 00:35:46,500
professional

767
00:35:50,640 --> 00:35:48,760
chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat

768
00:35:53,040 --> 00:35:50,650
cancers are some of the most potent

769
00:35:54,570 --> 00:35:53,050
drugs we have at our disposal since the

770
00:35:56,610 --> 00:35:54,580
advent of these treatments in the last

771
00:35:58,790 --> 00:35:56,620
30 years the rate of deaths due to

772
00:36:01,500 --> 00:35:58,800
cancer has decreased by sixteen percent

773
00:36:02,790 --> 00:36:01,510
however due to the potent nature of the

774
00:36:04,470 --> 00:36:02,800
drugs there are significant and

775
00:36:07,020 --> 00:36:04,480
extremely unpleasant side effects

776
00:36:08,700 --> 00:36:07,030
associated it is understandable that the

777
00:36:11,010 --> 00:36:08,710
prospect of enduring these side effects

778
00:36:12,600 --> 00:36:11,020
is very intimidating to patients who are

779
00:36:14,490 --> 00:36:12,610
already struggling with the news that

780
00:36:16,320 --> 00:36:14,500
they have a life-threatening illness it

781
00:36:17,700 --> 00:36:16,330
is for this very reason that allowing

782
00:36:19,680 --> 00:36:17,710
the propagation of the idea that

783
00:36:21,510 --> 00:36:19,690
chemotherapies are poison and in the

784
00:36:24,420 --> 00:36:21,520
process implying that the drugs are not

785
00:36:26,010 --> 00:36:24,430
effective is unacceptable patients

786
00:36:28,410 --> 00:36:26,020
should be well informed of the possible

787
00:36:31,410 --> 00:36:28,420
side effects but not misled this could

788
00:36:33,330 --> 00:36:31,420
very well lead to the loss of lives ms

789
00:36:35,190 --> 00:36:33,340
macklin rice advocates a number of

790
00:36:37,410 --> 00:36:35,200
alternative approaches including a

791
00:36:39,500 --> 00:36:37,420
strict dietary regime including cutting

792
00:36:42,840 --> 00:36:39,510
down quote party food and alcohol

793
00:36:44,670 --> 00:36:42,850
fasting and yoga there is no evidence

794
00:36:46,620 --> 00:36:44,680
that any of these things are a factor in

795
00:36:48,690 --> 00:36:46,630
preventing the advent or recurrence of

796
00:36:51,090 --> 00:36:48,700
cancer these things set a dangerous

797
00:36:52,950 --> 00:36:51,100
precedent of victim-blaming implying

798
00:36:55,290 --> 00:36:52,960
that if only a patient had followed the

799
00:36:57,020 --> 00:36:55,300
right diet or exercise regime they would

800
00:36:58,740 --> 00:36:57,030
have been able to prevent their cancer

801
00:37:00,180 --> 00:36:58,750
perhaps the most concerning

802
00:37:02,490 --> 00:37:00,190
recommendation though is the use of

803
00:37:04,380 --> 00:37:02,500
black selves a treatment that is proven

804
00:37:06,750 --> 00:37:04,390
to be extremely dangerous and is banned

805
00:37:08,460 --> 00:37:06,760
from sale in Australia furthermore there

806
00:37:10,170 --> 00:37:08,470
is no evidence that black self is an

807
00:37:12,720 --> 00:37:10,180
effective form of treatment against

808
00:37:14,280 --> 00:37:12,730
cancer stories of patients who go

809
00:37:15,780 --> 00:37:14,290
against the mainstream medical paradigm

810
00:37:17,880 --> 00:37:15,790
and claimed to have healed themselves

811
00:37:20,370 --> 00:37:17,890
with natural remedies make for an

812
00:37:21,990 --> 00:37:20,380
emotive and compelling narrative ms

813
00:37:24,690 --> 00:37:22,000
macklin rice is fortunate that her

814
00:37:26,970 --> 00:37:24,700
surgery a conventional intervention was

815
00:37:29,850 --> 00:37:26,980
a success and seems to have removed all

816
00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:29,860
the cancerous cells unfortunately these

817
00:37:33,600 --> 00:37:31,810
stories are the minority and represent

818
00:37:37,860 --> 00:37:33,610
survivorship bias in the worst possible

819
00:37:39,600 --> 00:37:37,870
way remember the dead can't talk early

820
00:37:41,310 --> 00:37:39,610
this year prominent Sunshine Coast

821
00:37:43,500 --> 00:37:41,320
health blogger Jessica ainscough and

822
00:37:45,630 --> 00:37:43,510
previously her mother became unfortunate

823
00:37:47,190 --> 00:37:45,640
victims of the belief that conventional

824
00:37:48,660 --> 00:37:47,200
cancer treatments were dangerous and

825
00:37:50,640 --> 00:37:48,670
that they could heal themselves with

826
00:37:52,770 --> 00:37:50,650
natural therapies diet and exercise I

827
00:37:54,300 --> 00:37:52,780
would hate to see more sunshine coast

828
00:37:56,400 --> 00:37:54,310
residents meet with a similar fate

829
00:38:00,090 --> 00:37:56,410
because they followed the advice in this

830
00:38:02,220 --> 00:38:00,100
article regards Ross mulch president

831
00:38:04,170 --> 00:38:02,230
skeptics society if you would like a

832
00:38:06,030 --> 00:38:04,180
more detailed analysis about this case

833
00:38:08,070 --> 00:38:06,040
or act from the respectful insolence

834
00:38:10,080 --> 00:38:08,080
blog has written a detailed blog post

835
00:38:13,680 --> 00:38:10,090
about this article which you can find

836
00:38:15,210 --> 00:38:13,690
online thank you to Russ Bulge for

837
00:38:16,650 --> 00:38:15,220
writing that letter and thank you too

838
00:38:19,200 --> 00:38:16,660
Joe alabaster for eating out the

839
00:38:21,810 --> 00:38:19,210
original report this whole situation

840
00:38:25,230 --> 00:38:21,820
reminds me of something that Heidi

841
00:38:27,120 --> 00:38:25,240
Robertson oil was Allison Gaylord sent

842
00:38:30,750 --> 00:38:27,130
from the Northern Rivers vaccination

843
00:38:33,390 --> 00:38:30,760
supporters group cancer doesn't care how

844
00:38:45,750 --> 00:38:33,400
much Rock Lee you eat or how many kale

845
00:38:47,790 --> 00:38:45,760
smoothies you consume virtual skeptics

846
00:38:50,310 --> 00:38:47,800
is a weekly web show in which we discuss

847
00:38:51,810 --> 00:38:50,320
the latest news in skepticism whether

848
00:38:54,180 --> 00:38:51,820
it's a new case of spontaneous human

849
00:38:55,860 --> 00:38:54,190
combustion a conspiracy theory the

850
00:38:58,050 --> 00:38:55,870
latest update on the upcoming robot

851
00:39:00,180 --> 00:38:58,060
apocalypse tech news for skeptics or the

852
00:39:03,150 --> 00:39:00,190
latest wacky religious claim we cover it

853
00:39:05,820 --> 00:39:03,160
all we record the show live as a Google+

854
00:39:08,100 --> 00:39:05,830
on-air hang out so join us and our host

855
00:39:10,770 --> 00:39:08,110
Brian Gregory for an hour of mostly

856
00:39:13,680 --> 00:39:10,780
intelligent talk every Wednesday at a PM

857
00:39:16,260 --> 00:39:13,690
eastern US time watch us at virtual

858
00:39:19,620 --> 00:39:16,270
skeptics calm and participate in the

859
00:39:21,720 --> 00:39:19,630
show on our hashtag virtual skeptics the

860
00:39:26,330 --> 00:39:21,730
virtual skeptics it's like meet the

861
00:39:34,680 --> 00:39:31,050
years may not spooky action at a

862
00:39:38,799 --> 00:39:37,390
look I've just come across in the code

863
00:39:41,109 --> 00:39:38,809
club of Australia I'm at the front of

864
00:39:42,339 --> 00:39:41,119
the young scientists of Australia now

865
00:39:44,079 --> 00:39:42,349
you guys get together with young

866
00:39:45,220 --> 00:39:44,089
scientists of New Zealand for Rumble at

867
00:39:47,020 --> 00:39:45,230
about three o'clock and I said the

868
00:39:48,579 --> 00:39:47,030
afternoon in this big punter but we

869
00:39:49,960 --> 00:39:48,589
always win because we're from Australia

870
00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:49,970
obviously said well there's more of us

871
00:39:54,039 --> 00:39:52,010
yeah yeah well they do have a higher

872
00:39:55,270 --> 00:39:54,049
sheep index I believe ya know but we've

873
00:39:56,920 --> 00:39:55,280
got the high people index and that's

874
00:39:58,210 --> 00:39:56,930
what counts i think what are you doing

875
00:40:00,760 --> 00:39:58,220
with the kids here today that you're

876
00:40:03,460 --> 00:40:00,770
interacting with kids I see eggs I see

877
00:40:05,859 --> 00:40:03,470
water I these-- paper I see a potential

878
00:40:07,420 --> 00:40:05,869
disaster yeah no there's no disaster

879
00:40:08,740 --> 00:40:07,430
here but we've got it a couple of fun

880
00:40:11,589 --> 00:40:08,750
activities so we got a mobius strip

881
00:40:13,420 --> 00:40:11,599
activity here ah so we pretty much cut

882
00:40:14,620 --> 00:40:13,430
it in half and blow people's minds by

883
00:40:15,910 --> 00:40:14,630
getting along galoot prints that are

884
00:40:18,490 --> 00:40:15,920
getting two loops and stuff like that

885
00:40:20,079 --> 00:40:18,500
and then we got the tangle of strings

886
00:40:22,180 --> 00:40:20,089
there which the kids are trying out now

887
00:40:23,470 --> 00:40:22,190
this is all it might seem like it's

888
00:40:25,180 --> 00:40:23,480
trivial stuff but there's some big

889
00:40:26,920 --> 00:40:25,190
concepts involved in just the mobius

890
00:40:28,990 --> 00:40:26,930
strip isn't it yeah obviously cuz I'm

891
00:40:30,940 --> 00:40:29,000
there's a lot of physics and topology

892
00:40:33,460 --> 00:40:30,950
involved i think that that's the word

893
00:40:34,960 --> 00:40:33,470
i'm not sure but um yeah it's kind of

894
00:40:36,579 --> 00:40:34,970
high-level stuff but it's kind of just

895
00:40:38,109 --> 00:40:36,589
like putting it out there so they can

896
00:40:39,940 --> 00:40:38,119
get like a feel of it now and have a bit

897
00:40:41,440 --> 00:40:39,950
of fun with it and it might not be

898
00:40:42,910 --> 00:40:41,450
explaining concepts now but it's just

899
00:40:44,859 --> 00:40:42,920
about getting science out there which is

900
00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:44,869
what the y SE does and what's the egg

901
00:40:48,700 --> 00:40:46,970
for i got to ask it looks like if you'd

902
00:40:51,190 --> 00:40:48,710
like to stand on a platform there I'm

903
00:40:53,020 --> 00:40:51,200
get better stand on a platform very

904
00:40:55,480 --> 00:40:53,030
carefully there we go that's balanced

905
00:40:57,789 --> 00:40:55,490
completely on eggs get out and that's

906
00:40:59,319 --> 00:40:57,799
not there's this special eggs nana you

907
00:41:01,480 --> 00:40:59,329
can check them out it's like this

908
00:41:02,980 --> 00:41:01,490
kicking idea all right so this is

909
00:41:05,230 --> 00:41:02,990
showing that the egg is a perfectly good

910
00:41:06,760 --> 00:41:05,240
shape for supporting way up yep yep so

911
00:41:08,079 --> 00:41:06,770
it's showing how there you can put

912
00:41:09,609 --> 00:41:08,089
tension on the top and the bottom and it

913
00:41:11,440 --> 00:41:09,619
won't crack but on the sides it's quite

914
00:41:13,120 --> 00:41:11,450
supple that's why the chicks can break

915
00:41:14,650 --> 00:41:13,130
through it but I see you've also brought

916
00:41:16,660 --> 00:41:14,660
quite a good supply paper towels because

917
00:41:18,789 --> 00:41:16,670
you don't trust these kids yeah cuz it's

918
00:41:20,440 --> 00:41:18,799
a bit wobbly when you throw then you can

919
00:41:22,480 --> 00:41:20,450
kind of tell us rolling around a bit so

920
00:41:24,940 --> 00:41:22,490
when it rolls a bit too much we've got

921
00:41:26,260 --> 00:41:24,950
to have a clean up but yeah other where

922
00:41:27,880 --> 00:41:26,270
can people find out more about young

923
00:41:30,640 --> 00:41:27,890
scientist australia where's your website

924
00:41:33,130 --> 00:41:30,650
oh yeah we've got a website at www isara

925
00:41:34,870 --> 00:41:33,140
you and then if you want to go to the

926
00:41:36,309 --> 00:41:34,880
sydney chapter you just go forward slash

927
00:41:38,170 --> 00:41:36,319
sydney after that and there's links on

928
00:41:40,270 --> 00:41:38,180
the website to tell you how to apply how

929
00:41:41,680 --> 00:41:40,280
to get involved and obviously if you

930
00:41:42,380 --> 00:41:41,690
want to sponsor us how to sponsor us as

931
00:41:44,240 --> 00:41:42,390
well okay

932
00:41:46,099 --> 00:41:44,250
now which chapter in Australia is the

933
00:41:47,750 --> 00:41:46,109
real badass leather jacket wearing

934
00:41:49,400 --> 00:41:47,760
chapter which is the one that you know

935
00:41:50,690 --> 00:41:49,410
they're real troublemakers yeah well we

936
00:41:52,519 --> 00:41:50,700
don't talk about them much that's the

937
00:41:53,960 --> 00:41:52,529
Victoria chapter watch out but they're

938
00:41:56,329 --> 00:41:53,970
always it causing troubles aren't they

939
00:41:58,130 --> 00:41:56,339
yeah yeah sure that they're challenging

940
00:41:59,539 --> 00:41:58,140
Einstein they're going that's not spooky

941
00:42:01,460 --> 00:41:59,549
accidents distance they're always saying

942
00:42:02,990 --> 00:42:01,470
that sort of stuff yeah obviously we'll

943
00:42:06,259 --> 00:42:03,000
have a good day here hey you to thank

944
00:42:08,089 --> 00:42:06,269
you thanks a lot and I've found myself

945
00:42:10,849 --> 00:42:08,099
now am i speaking to someone with a

946
00:42:13,400 --> 00:42:10,859
science degree oh yes and what does your

947
00:42:16,220 --> 00:42:13,410
degree in i'm doing a PhD in marine

948
00:42:18,589 --> 00:42:16,230
biology specifically on sea urchins and

949
00:42:20,750 --> 00:42:18,599
marine acoustics now what drew you to

950
00:42:22,400 --> 00:42:20,760
that and where you're doing it at I'm

951
00:42:24,789 --> 00:42:22,410
based at the University of Sydney but I

952
00:42:26,720 --> 00:42:24,799
did some research at visit island

953
00:42:28,490 --> 00:42:26,730
actually I know a few people have been

954
00:42:30,440 --> 00:42:28,500
attracted to marine biology are there

955
00:42:31,880 --> 00:42:30,450
many jobs are nowhere in Ireland there

956
00:42:34,370 --> 00:42:31,890
should be lots of jobs for that a lots

957
00:42:37,460 --> 00:42:34,380
of jobs in that field that really

958
00:42:38,660 --> 00:42:37,470
depends on the funding situation oh yeah

959
00:42:40,609 --> 00:42:38,670
that's a word I'm hearing a lot from

960
00:42:43,339 --> 00:42:40,619
scientists this morning funding it's a

961
00:42:45,680 --> 00:42:43,349
bit disappointing isn't it yes it has

962
00:42:47,990 --> 00:42:45,690
been well what are you doing here at the

963
00:42:49,519 --> 00:42:48,000
lizard island research station what do

964
00:42:51,410 --> 00:42:49,529
you look at I'm just looking let me take

965
00:42:53,569 --> 00:42:51,420
a guess you'd be looking at fishery

966
00:42:57,279 --> 00:42:53,579
stocks are you involved in coral at all

967
00:43:00,470 --> 00:42:57,289
I my work is focused on sea urchins and

968
00:43:02,089 --> 00:43:00,480
erosion and acoustics but there's a lot

969
00:43:05,150 --> 00:43:02,099
of work that goes on at Lizard Island on

970
00:43:06,920 --> 00:43:05,160
fish and turtles and now please tell me

971
00:43:10,249 --> 00:43:06,930
where do you a chance it in the

972
00:43:13,940 --> 00:43:10,259
biosphere they're usually on the benthos

973
00:43:15,600 --> 00:43:13,950
and there are really important ecosystem

974
00:43:18,720 --> 00:43:15,610
modifier so they

975
00:43:21,570 --> 00:43:18,730
I really important for eating the algae

976
00:43:24,210 --> 00:43:21,580
on the reef so that the coral can grow

977
00:43:26,670 --> 00:43:24,220
and not be smothered by algy you can

978
00:43:29,700 --> 00:43:26,680
they themselves get out of control yes

979
00:43:31,350 --> 00:43:29,710
sometimes their populations explode and

980
00:43:33,360 --> 00:43:31,360
is made in polluted areas or something

981
00:43:35,910 --> 00:43:33,370
is it really depends people still

982
00:43:37,290 --> 00:43:35,920
working on why it happens okay what's

983
00:43:38,580 --> 00:43:37,300
the thing that fascinates you about your

984
00:43:41,790 --> 00:43:38,590
work what's the one thing you'd like to

985
00:43:45,060 --> 00:43:41,800
solve and go yes I've done that I'm

986
00:43:46,380 --> 00:43:45,070
really interested in how sound is used

987
00:43:47,970 --> 00:43:46,390
by different animals and one you

988
00:43:50,280 --> 00:43:47,980
mentioned acoustic so everyone thinks of

989
00:43:51,990 --> 00:43:50,290
wiles but what are you looking at so I'm

990
00:43:54,420 --> 00:43:52,000
looking at sea urchins return our and

991
00:43:56,340 --> 00:43:54,430
invertebrate know what are my favorite

992
00:43:58,200 --> 00:43:56,350
what noise do they make and we even hear

993
00:44:00,830 --> 00:43:58,210
it oh yes they make a scratching sound

994
00:44:03,660 --> 00:44:00,840
when they feed what sort of hurts is it

995
00:44:04,950 --> 00:44:03,670
it's quite broad so it goes from like a

996
00:44:07,560 --> 00:44:04,960
low frequency you are very high

997
00:44:08,940 --> 00:44:07,570
frequency and they do that to attract

998
00:44:11,160 --> 00:44:08,950
mates or just let people know where food

999
00:44:14,040 --> 00:44:11,170
is we think it's just an artifact of

1000
00:44:15,330 --> 00:44:14,050
their feeding behavior okay and what do

1001
00:44:17,100 --> 00:44:15,340
you make of some of those strange big

1002
00:44:19,020 --> 00:44:17,110
noises that have been found in there in

1003
00:44:20,520 --> 00:44:19,030
the the bloop noises that the ocean

1004
00:44:21,540 --> 00:44:20,530
makes and that sort of thing is acoustic

1005
00:44:25,500 --> 00:44:21,550
expert what do you make it the whole

1006
00:44:27,090 --> 00:44:25,510
thing I think they that the experts who

1007
00:44:29,010 --> 00:44:27,100
were looking at the bloop nose for

1008
00:44:32,280 --> 00:44:29,020
example were pretty confident that it

1009
00:44:34,560 --> 00:44:32,290
was geological activity Oh rather

1010
00:44:37,050 --> 00:44:34,570
than an animal when they examined the

1011
00:44:38,610 --> 00:44:37,060
sound closely like some sort of small

1012
00:44:41,790 --> 00:44:38,620
plate popping or something on the ocean

1013
00:44:43,290 --> 00:44:41,800
floor yeah so moving and one of the kids

1014
00:44:44,250 --> 00:44:43,300
all askme today here at science week

1015
00:44:45,930 --> 00:44:44,260
what's the thing they seem to be

1016
00:44:47,640 --> 00:44:45,940
interested in they've been quite

1017
00:44:50,490 --> 00:44:47,650
interested in the microscope we have set

1018
00:44:53,610 --> 00:44:50,500
up with some coral and foraminifera in

1019
00:44:56,670 --> 00:44:53,620
it so you can see what what little dead

1020
00:44:58,170 --> 00:44:56,680
animals actually make up the sand and if

1021
00:44:59,940 --> 00:44:58,180
you could go anywhere in the world to do

1022
00:45:01,470 --> 00:44:59,950
investigations in your field where would

1023
00:45:03,630 --> 00:45:01,480
you go is Australia the sea urchin

1024
00:45:06,090 --> 00:45:03,640
capital of the world or not lizard

1025
00:45:08,880 --> 00:45:06,100
island is pretty amazing yeah why is

1026
00:45:10,230 --> 00:45:08,890
that well it's it's just a very

1027
00:45:11,940 --> 00:45:10,240
interesting place to work well you

1028
00:45:14,340 --> 00:45:11,950
better tell people where it is too I'm

1029
00:45:16,380 --> 00:45:14,350
so its up at the North is a great

1030
00:45:19,260 --> 00:45:16,390
barrier reef so it's quite warm up there

1031
00:45:21,870 --> 00:45:19,270
and there are a lot of sea urchins but

1032
00:45:23,670 --> 00:45:21,880
they usually come out at night so we

1033
00:45:26,160 --> 00:45:23,680
have to go out at night to find them and

1034
00:45:27,120 --> 00:45:26,170
sea urchins look great like starfish do

1035
00:45:28,800 --> 00:45:27,130
if you do stop-motion photography

1036
00:45:32,700 --> 00:45:28,810
because they moved around the seabed

1037
00:45:36,150 --> 00:45:32,710
yeah yeah and do they damage the coral

1038
00:45:37,800 --> 00:45:36,160
reef at all Adan um when they're when

1039
00:45:40,500 --> 00:45:37,810
they're in very very very high numbers

1040
00:45:42,840 --> 00:45:40,510
they can erode the reef and cause damage

1041
00:45:44,490 --> 00:45:42,850
and so what's the advice for us to keep

1042
00:45:46,710 --> 00:45:44,500
them in the correct numbers is it don't

1043
00:45:48,930 --> 00:45:46,720
pollute the place don't over fish how do

1044
00:45:51,390 --> 00:45:48,940
you keep them in balance yes overfishing

1045
00:45:52,920 --> 00:45:51,400
can lead to an increase in sea urchin

1046
00:45:54,760 --> 00:45:52,930
numbers because some of the larger fish

1047
00:45:56,350 --> 00:45:54,770
actually the sea urchins

1048
00:45:58,720 --> 00:45:56,360
and where can people find out more about

1049
00:46:01,840 --> 00:45:58,730
the lizard island research station and

1050
00:46:03,130 --> 00:46:01,850
they have a great website the link can

1051
00:46:05,230 --> 00:46:03,140
be found on the Australian Museum

1052
00:46:10,300 --> 00:46:05,240
website okay thank you very much have a

1053
00:46:11,830 --> 00:46:10,310
good science week well look I'm someone

1054
00:46:13,600 --> 00:46:11,840
who is not very good when you mentioned

1055
00:46:15,640 --> 00:46:13,610
the word machine code I think of the Lou

1056
00:46:17,410 --> 00:46:15,650
Reed album and I really not all that

1057
00:46:18,700 --> 00:46:17,420
good at this sort of thing but what are

1058
00:46:20,110 --> 00:46:18,710
we got in front of us in who are you

1059
00:46:22,600 --> 00:46:20,120
what are you doing here at science week

1060
00:46:25,690 --> 00:46:22,610
thanks for asking um so we're code club

1061
00:46:27,190 --> 00:46:25,700
australia and what we do is we we're a

1062
00:46:29,350 --> 00:46:27,200
network of educators and volunteers

1063
00:46:30,760 --> 00:46:29,360
teaching kids to code we start with what

1064
00:46:33,610 --> 00:46:30,770
we have in front of us which is scratch

1065
00:46:35,680 --> 00:46:33,620
bring on the code computer code that's

1066
00:46:37,810 --> 00:46:35,690
right this is the language of of

1067
00:46:39,340 --> 00:46:37,820
computers essentially this is the

1068
00:46:42,100 --> 00:46:39,350
language that tells computers to do

1069
00:46:44,830 --> 00:46:42,110
certain things it gets spaceships into

1070
00:46:46,690 --> 00:46:44,840
space and it also helps websites become

1071
00:46:48,640 --> 00:46:46,700
alive and apps on your phone work are we

1072
00:46:51,580 --> 00:46:48,650
going as deep as actual machine code or

1073
00:46:53,950 --> 00:46:51,590
not well you can use what we have to do

1074
00:46:57,100 --> 00:46:53,960
to program machines but what we've got

1075
00:47:00,310 --> 00:46:57,110
here is more of a concept of coding to

1076
00:47:02,830 --> 00:47:00,320
do things more in the digital space now

1077
00:47:05,530 --> 00:47:02,840
what we teach in scratch can be used to

1078
00:47:08,020 --> 00:47:05,540
control things like robots for education

1079
00:47:10,630 --> 00:47:08,030
so it does go further into the internet

1080
00:47:12,040 --> 00:47:10,640
of things but it is primarily just the

1081
00:47:13,930 --> 00:47:12,050
concept of coding that we're teaching

1082
00:47:15,310 --> 00:47:13,940
and what's the thing that we need to get

1083
00:47:17,380 --> 00:47:15,320
our head around when we're thinking of

1084
00:47:18,910 --> 00:47:17,390
coding what is the concept of coding

1085
00:47:20,800 --> 00:47:18,920
right so really what we're teaching

1086
00:47:22,840 --> 00:47:20,810
children to do is problem-solve on a

1087
00:47:25,150 --> 00:47:22,850
deeper level it's a word called or a

1088
00:47:27,070 --> 00:47:25,160
phrase called computational thinking so

1089
00:47:28,480 --> 00:47:27,080
rather than just taking a child and

1090
00:47:30,610 --> 00:47:28,490
sitting them down and teaching the maths

1091
00:47:32,260 --> 00:47:30,620
from a book what we're doing is we're

1092
00:47:34,600 --> 00:47:32,270
teaching them complex algorithms and

1093
00:47:36,030 --> 00:47:34,610
problem solving by giving them a real

1094
00:47:39,190 --> 00:47:36,040
life problem

1095
00:47:42,160 --> 00:47:39,200
for example for example if you want to

1096
00:47:43,660 --> 00:47:42,170
talk about the renewable water system

1097
00:47:46,390 --> 00:47:43,670
how can they demonstrate understanding

1098
00:47:48,880 --> 00:47:46,400
the renewable water system and then

1099
00:47:52,210 --> 00:47:48,890
through complex coding language they can

1100
00:47:53,770 --> 00:47:52,220
actually break that down and demonstrate

1101
00:47:56,730 --> 00:47:53,780
their understanding of it then they can

1102
00:47:59,530 --> 00:47:56,740
use algorithms in order to animate and

1103
00:48:01,630 --> 00:47:59,540
show that they've discovered the rate at

1104
00:48:04,090 --> 00:48:01,640
which water would be precipitated and

1105
00:48:05,320 --> 00:48:04,100
then released from a cloud that's much

1106
00:48:06,540 --> 00:48:05,330
more complicated than I thought I

1107
00:48:08,470 --> 00:48:06,550
thought a good example would be

1108
00:48:09,190 --> 00:48:08,480
translating from English to facial

1109
00:48:10,870 --> 00:48:09,200
something like that because that's

1110
00:48:12,130 --> 00:48:10,880
pretty much a black and white kind of

1111
00:48:14,110 --> 00:48:12,140
thing but what you're talking about

1112
00:48:16,000 --> 00:48:14,120
requires an algorithm that's right

1113
00:48:17,950 --> 00:48:16,010
that's right I think it's exciting to

1114
00:48:20,230 --> 00:48:17,960
see kids actually begging to do more

1115
00:48:22,870 --> 00:48:20,240
maths certainly something I would never

1116
00:48:25,240 --> 00:48:22,880
do I maths is where I really failed and

1117
00:48:27,340 --> 00:48:25,250
what what programming language is it

1118
00:48:31,090 --> 00:48:27,350
cause a specific language we start with

1119
00:48:33,670 --> 00:48:31,100
scratch MIT based project open source

1120
00:48:35,620 --> 00:48:33,680
projects we also move into HTML and then

1121
00:48:38,050 --> 00:48:35,630
we we end with Python

1122
00:48:40,270 --> 00:48:38,060
right okay and once they're at Python

1123
00:48:41,800 --> 00:48:40,280
they can do lots of things cathay python

1124
00:48:43,900 --> 00:48:41,810
is a real world language that are used

1125
00:48:45,450 --> 00:48:43,910
by app developers and web developers

1126
00:48:48,850 --> 00:48:45,460
there was actually just a conference for

1127
00:48:50,260 --> 00:48:48,860
Python developers in Brisbane whoa so

1128
00:48:51,850 --> 00:48:50,270
what about good old-fashioned the

1129
00:48:53,650 --> 00:48:51,860
original Doss or maybe Ruby on Rails

1130
00:48:55,930 --> 00:48:53,660
what about that or God is it oh no

1131
00:48:57,790 --> 00:48:55,940
Ruby's amazing actually we were

1132
00:49:00,280 --> 00:48:57,800
discussing developing some review

1133
00:49:02,290 --> 00:49:00,290
materials the thing is there are many

1134
00:49:04,450 --> 00:49:02,300
coding languages as her artist languages

1135
00:49:07,150 --> 00:49:04,460
well if you had to learn just one what

1136
00:49:09,250 --> 00:49:07,160
would a big Python I don't think that's

1137
00:49:11,380 --> 00:49:09,260
a that's an answer I can give I really

1138
00:49:13,600 --> 00:49:11,390
think it is good to just like speaking

1139
00:49:15,550 --> 00:49:13,610
it any language to know many because

1140
00:49:17,050 --> 00:49:15,560
that makes you more compatible to work

1141
00:49:18,640 --> 00:49:17,060
with other teams and more collaborative

1142
00:49:21,040 --> 00:49:18,650
all right what's the most frustrating

1143
00:49:22,090 --> 00:49:21,050
thing for you using a computer someone

1144
00:49:23,260 --> 00:49:22,100
who knows a little bit about the

1145
00:49:24,820 --> 00:49:23,270
language that's going on underneath that

1146
00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:24,830
bother what's the most frustrating thing

1147
00:49:28,390 --> 00:49:25,970
that people just haven't seemed to

1148
00:49:30,340 --> 00:49:28,400
absolve to make them more intuitive well

1149
00:49:32,230 --> 00:49:30,350
I'm one thing that I'm a really big fan

1150
00:49:34,690 --> 00:49:32,240
of is open source and creative commons

1151
00:49:36,670 --> 00:49:34,700
and so I really appreciate when things

1152
00:49:39,400 --> 00:49:36,680
are open and available oh you must

1153
00:49:40,960 --> 00:49:39,410
really hide Apple then actually I really

1154
00:49:43,630 --> 00:49:40,970
appreciate apple and I think that we're

1155
00:49:44,920 --> 00:49:43,640
all sort of working toward a better way

1156
00:49:46,720 --> 00:49:44,930
of sharing and learning from

1157
00:49:49,090 --> 00:49:46,730
technologies but that's my big

1158
00:49:50,680 --> 00:49:49,100
frustration is when we are working with

1159
00:49:52,780 --> 00:49:50,690
a school that's been given lots of

1160
00:49:55,120 --> 00:49:52,790
limitations and they can't take part in

1161
00:49:56,500 --> 00:49:55,130
learning from open source technology do

1162
00:49:58,120 --> 00:49:56,510
you think Linux is ready for primetime

1163
00:49:59,650 --> 00:49:58,130
yet do you think if someone like me goes

1164
00:50:01,540 --> 00:49:59,660
that's it I'm going to wipe this off my

1165
00:50:03,760 --> 00:50:01,550
mac and gonna run it on Linux that I

1166
00:50:05,590 --> 00:50:03,770
will spend a lot of time troubleshooting

1167
00:50:07,210 --> 00:50:05,600
it or was it quite ready yet I was

1168
00:50:08,950 --> 00:50:07,220
working with one of Australia's big

1169
00:50:11,080 --> 00:50:08,960
telco companies earlier this week and I

1170
00:50:13,480 --> 00:50:11,090
was happy to learn that a lot of the

1171
00:50:16,600 --> 00:50:13,490
developers have less or sort of hacked

1172
00:50:18,340 --> 00:50:16,610
their Apple machines to run Linux so I

1173
00:50:20,980 --> 00:50:18,350
think that Linux is coming around to

1174
00:50:22,240 --> 00:50:20,990
really being recognized as being a more

1175
00:50:24,370 --> 00:50:22,250
collaborative and open source player

1176
00:50:26,380 --> 00:50:24,380
yeah what about the even more obscure

1177
00:50:28,510 --> 00:50:26,390
open source one says is that this even

1178
00:50:30,790 --> 00:50:28,520
the more that are obscure than Linux

1179
00:50:32,980 --> 00:50:30,800
what are they called ah as far as

1180
00:50:33,690 --> 00:50:32,990
operating system well I know I know I

1181
00:50:39,240 --> 00:50:33,700
know

1182
00:50:41,880 --> 00:50:39,250
come around as a really great system it

1183
00:50:43,320 --> 00:50:41,890
runs on a linux kernel though so I can't

1184
00:50:45,900 --> 00:50:43,330
say that I'm the expert in that in that

1185
00:50:47,250 --> 00:50:45,910
realm yeah oh and where can people find

1186
00:50:49,050 --> 00:50:47,260
out more about the code club australia

1187
00:50:51,180 --> 00:50:49,060
or get a bit more information about what

1188
00:50:53,100 --> 00:50:51,190
you up to yeah look twitter is a great

1189
00:50:57,900 --> 00:50:53,110
way to get in touch with us at code club

1190
00:51:01,230 --> 00:50:57,910
oz a us then we're also online at www

1191
00:51:04,200 --> 00:51:01,240
org so do html5 work out as well as

1192
00:51:06,690 --> 00:51:04,210
everyone hope you're not no comment

1193
00:51:08,550 --> 00:51:06,700
because the video tag just doesn't seem

1194
00:51:10,170 --> 00:51:08,560
to work the way it should yeah I think

1195
00:51:12,120 --> 00:51:10,180
the more the most familiar way that

1196
00:51:14,520 --> 00:51:12,130
people are more of a people are familiar

1197
00:51:15,780 --> 00:51:14,530
with HTML from the error message that

1198
00:51:17,370 --> 00:51:15,790
they get up on their computer than they

1199
00:51:19,170 --> 00:51:17,380
are with the language itself but you

1200
00:51:20,520 --> 00:51:19,180
know what I think that that's if that's

1201
00:51:22,380 --> 00:51:20,530
a way that we've introduced people to

1202
00:51:24,390 --> 00:51:22,390
the concept then that's doing its job as

1203
00:51:26,250 --> 00:51:24,400
well where are we along with the

1204
00:51:28,890 --> 00:51:26,260
protocol for the internet are we at HTML

1205
00:51:30,660 --> 00:51:28,900
sick [\h__\h] or would beyond that well I'm

1206
00:51:32,790 --> 00:51:30,670
actually not a coder myself I develop

1207
00:51:34,830 --> 00:51:32,800
curriculum for children so you're

1208
00:51:37,290 --> 00:51:34,840
talking to the wrong kind of expert ok

1209
00:51:38,550 --> 00:51:37,300
I'm talking to an expert and the

1210
00:51:42,210 --> 00:51:38,560
question is asking it's an expert in

1211
00:51:44,280 --> 00:51:42,220
nothing yeah so fair enough yeah I think

1212
00:51:46,020 --> 00:51:44,290
HTML 6 is something I've seen and heard

1213
00:51:47,700 --> 00:51:46,030
of but it's not something I i'm familiar

1214
00:51:49,320 --> 00:51:47,710
with personally ok thank you have a

1215
00:51:50,700 --> 00:51:49,330
great day he would look um what do you

1216
00:51:51,810 --> 00:51:50,710
think of science wig you've got kids

1217
00:51:52,920 --> 00:51:51,820
coming up to getting interested in

1218
00:51:54,930 --> 00:51:52,930
science you know did that have it every

1219
00:51:57,240 --> 00:51:54,940
day no i love this i love the direct

1220
00:51:58,860 --> 00:51:57,250
service part of my job often times i end

1221
00:52:00,990 --> 00:51:58,870
up as stuck in the office and i've been

1222
00:52:23,450 --> 00:52:01,000
playing all week and it's been amazing

1223
00:52:27,450 --> 00:52:25,799
thank you for listening to the skeptic

1224
00:52:30,510 --> 00:52:27,460
zone and don't forget people in Sydney

1225
00:52:34,650 --> 00:52:30,520
Sunday the 11th of october i had

1226
00:52:36,890 --> 00:52:34,660
Stratton's hotel from 1pm to 6pm Susan

1227
00:52:39,510 --> 00:52:36,900
go Beck an afternoon of eating drinking

1228
00:52:41,640 --> 00:52:39,520
skepticism bring your laptop it should

1229
00:52:46,620 --> 00:52:41,650
be a lot of fun and you can find out

1230
00:52:49,530 --> 00:52:46,630
more by going to meetup.com / aust a ust

1231
00:52:51,900 --> 00:52:49,540
skeptics and find out more information

1232
00:52:54,240 --> 00:52:51,910
there hope to see you there if you want

1233
00:52:57,030 --> 00:52:54,250
to come along I it would be good if you

1234
00:53:00,059 --> 00:52:57,040
could RSVP on meetup just so we have a

1235
00:53:03,349 --> 00:53:00,069
sort of idea of numbers and thank you

1236
00:53:07,470 --> 00:53:03,359
once again to the ever delightful and

1237
00:53:09,569 --> 00:53:07,480
knowledgeable dr. Pamela gay I had sir

1238
00:53:12,690 --> 00:53:09,579
so I said at the top of the show it's a

1239
00:53:14,940 --> 00:53:12,700
particular pleasure interviewing Pamela

1240
00:53:16,980 --> 00:53:14,950
gay I learned so much and if you haven't

1241
00:53:18,569 --> 00:53:16,990
already done so it's time to get your

1242
00:53:21,390 --> 00:53:18,579
tickets for the Australian skeptics

1243
00:53:24,990 --> 00:53:21,400
national convention in Brisbane from the

1244
00:53:28,380 --> 00:53:25,000
16th to 18th of October convention got

1245
00:53:30,210 --> 00:53:28,390
Brisbane skeptics or gives you all the

1246
00:53:32,309 --> 00:53:30,220
information the complete lineup

1247
00:53:34,920 --> 00:53:32,319
including Nobel laureate Brian Schmidt

1248
00:53:37,650 --> 00:53:34,930
joe nickell Eugenie Scott Susan go back

1249
00:53:39,240 --> 00:53:37,660
and a host of other skeptics i'll be

1250
00:53:41,520 --> 00:53:39,250
there maynard will be there Jay

1251
00:53:43,380 --> 00:53:41,530
alabaster answer give Heidi from the

1252
00:53:45,870 --> 00:53:43,390
skeptic zone it promises to be a

1253
00:53:50,280 --> 00:53:45,880
fabulous event convention doc Brisbane

1254
00:53:52,859 --> 00:53:50,290
skeptics org and well I hope to see you

1255
00:53:57,780 --> 00:53:52,869
there but before I go in my hot little

1256
00:53:59,490 --> 00:53:57,790
hands here I have the latest copy of the

1257
00:54:02,490 --> 00:53:59,500
skeptic magazine the journal from

1258
00:54:06,329 --> 00:54:02,500
Australian skeptics volume 35 number 3

1259
00:54:09,120 --> 00:54:06,339
September 2015 regulation roundup how

1260
00:54:12,809 --> 00:54:09,130
good are the enforcement's scientists

1261
00:54:15,690 --> 00:54:12,819
and soldiers monsters and the media what

1262
00:54:18,569 --> 00:54:15,700
a good issue at ears footer oh look at

1263
00:54:20,250 --> 00:54:18,579
that donegal by me well I better read

1264
00:54:21,960 --> 00:54:20,260
that and see what I said the skeptic

1265
00:54:24,660 --> 00:54:21,970
magazine the journal from Australian

1266
00:54:29,510 --> 00:54:24,670
skeptics and you can subscribe online at

1267
00:54:33,910 --> 00:54:29,520
skeptics com au for this fine journal

1268
00:54:39,160 --> 00:54:33,920
hmm your foes it's interesting

1269
00:54:41,289 --> 00:54:39,170
oh yeah hmm well coming up on next

1270
00:54:43,539 --> 00:54:41,299
week's show your guess is as good as

1271
00:54:45,520 --> 00:54:43,549
mine we'll find out soon enough some

1272
00:54:47,950 --> 00:54:45,530
interviews some reports maybe Heidi

1273
00:54:51,309 --> 00:54:47,960
maybe Joe maybe may done maybe Iran

1274
00:54:53,079 --> 00:54:51,319
maybe dr. ricci maybe me you'll have to

1275
00:54:54,010 --> 00:54:53,089
tune in and find out but thank you for

1276
00:54:57,250 --> 00:54:54,020
doing that and thank you for those

1277
00:55:01,150 --> 00:54:57,260
people who do contribute kick in help

1278
00:55:04,089 --> 00:55:01,160
chip in at skeptic zone TV at the

1279
00:55:07,450 --> 00:55:04,099
subscription link using PayPal less than

1280
00:55:10,299 --> 00:55:07,460
a dollar a week and that money means the

1281
00:55:12,609 --> 00:55:10,309
skeptic zone keeps going but for this

1282
00:55:19,180 --> 00:55:12,619
week this is Richard Saunders signing

1283
00:55:20,849 --> 00:55:19,190
off from Sydney Australia you've been

1284
00:55:25,420 --> 00:55:20,859
listening to the skeptics own podcast

1285
00:55:28,030 --> 00:55:25,430
visit our website at WCA pegs on TV for

1286
00:55:32,109 --> 00:55:28,040
contacts and archive of all episodes

1287
00:55:34,240 --> 00:55:32,119
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1288
00:55:37,569 --> 00:55:34,250
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1289
00:55:40,559 --> 00:55:37,579
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1290
00:55:42,910 --> 00:55:40,569
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1291
00:55:45,579 --> 00:55:42,920
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1292
00:55:49,329 --> 00:55:45,589
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1293
00:55:51,370 --> 00:55:49,339
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1294
00:55:53,470 --> 00:55:51,380
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1295
00:55:55,660 --> 00:55:53,480
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1296
00:55:58,539 --> 00:55:55,670
and not necessarily those of Australian

1297
00:56:01,160 --> 00:55:58,549
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